How to Use Backwards Design To Create Your Lesson Plan Template + Steps
Table Of Content
The next step is to create opportunities for students to show that they are achieving those learning goals and outcomes. In other words, Step 3 will center on developing the assessment of learning for your course, including assignments and other graded types of assessment such as quizzes, tests, and projects. Whether you're teaching a new course or one you've taught 10 times, adapting an in-person course for the online environment, or even planning a single assignment, it's important to be intentional about your design choices. Backward design is a framework that helps educators plan instruction around what matters most—student learning. This topic will walk you through the backward design process step-by-step, giving you an effective model for planning your next course.
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Backward design lesson plan example & template
Unfortunately, this results in tests or assessments that don’t always reflect what the students did or learned. We’ve all experienced an unfortunate class or two where the test didn’t seem to reflect anything we had learned in lessons or course materials up until that point. This is done by incorporating different learning modalities and styles into the design process to ensure that engagement is high. Educators can follow a simple process to develop backward lesson plans for higher education. This approach applies to any field, including business, the sciences and STEM.
Rigid Framework
When done well, backward design lesson plans often result in better test or assessment outcomes, which can be advantageous both for professional educators and for online teachers of all other types, like small business owners. Academic standards usually provide the best direction for educational goals. For example, according to the Common Core Standards for Mathematical Practice, students should be able to understand the concept of ratios by the end of sixth grade. It is the teacher’s job to determine, via backward lesson design, how their students will reach the necessary level of proficiency.
Backward Design Step 2. Design the Assessment(s)
This Drake Institute program offers guidance and compensation to full-time (.75 FTE) faculty at Ohio State for time spent researching evidence-based teaching practices and redesigning their courses around those teaching practices. In other words, by figuring out how you want your students to end up, you’ll be better equipped and prepared to teach them the right things so they achieve those optimal outcomes. Backward design can be useful for professional educators and for anyone who teaches students, both online and in person. Check out this backward design lesson plan template from Vanderbilt University.
Here is a hack I use to plan my lessons based on the desired results and final assessment. I fill in a simple chart when planning out the unit and use that to drive my lessons. Wiggins and McTighe have created a six-part checklist built on the acronym WHERETO that consists of key elements that should be included in your instructional materials and learning activities. Backward design is one of the core practices for effective language instruction that relies on thinking purposefully about teaching and learning.
A downloadable guide for teaching professionals from the University of San Diego. If we were doing this lesson for small group, we could have the place value strips going up to the hundred thousands, but as kids are reading it, they could see the post-it note that reminds them when they’re in the thousands. They can drag it out to see that it’s in the thousands places as they’re reading, and then they can write it. Monica Fuglei is a graduate of the University of Nebraska in Omaha and a current faculty member of Arapahoe Community College in Colorado, where she teaches composition and creative writing.
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The table below lists these three stages, alongside the tasks and considerations that are central to each stage. ” This is a very common question we get from teachers who are excited about using manipulatives, but struggling to determine which manipulatives are the most appropriate as they integrate concrete, pictorial and abstract... Consider these questions when determining acceptable of language learning and progressing in proficiency. Your mission for Part 2 is to look over your notes about the targeted content and skills and craft an assessment that encompasses each goal. You don’t HAVE to have these supplies, but it makes the job go smoother. If you have any additional questions or want to share your experiences with this approach, leave a comment below!
Universal Design for Learning: Planning with All Students in Mind
However, when the goal is enduring understanding, more complex and authentic assessment strategies might be needed to assess student learning. The illustration below shows an alignment between specific assessment types and the different types of evidence they provide. Once you have written a student-centered learning objective, and determined how you will assess your students, you are ready to plan the instructional strategies and activities you will implement. Instructional strategies are the methods by which you present new content to your students. This could be through direct instruction, demonstration, or cooperative learning, to name just a few.
The backward design model seeks to avoid those challenges by encouraging teachers to be much more intentional in their curriculum development and make the most out of class time. Backward design lesson planning is an approach to curriculum development that starts with the end goal in mind. This approach was first proposed by Grant Wiggins and Jay McTighe in their book "Understanding by Design" and has since gained popularity among educators worldwide. Let’s explore the backward design lesson planning concept and its benefits for teachers and students. While there are many approaches to planning a course, backward design is a useful framework that puts at the forefront what matters most—student learning.
This is a simple example of the difference between forward and backward planning. Forward planning is short-term and fixes the immediate issue, whereas backwards design starts with the end goals in mind. We believe that all students should learn or maintain at least one world language in addition to English. Therefore, language learning should be a central part of any curriculum. The key question is whether a one-size-fits-all approach can adequately cater to a classroom that is increasingly diverse in terms of learning styles, physical abilities, and cultural backgrounds. This is particularly burdensome for educators who may already be grappling with other responsibilities like grading, classroom management, and ongoing professional development.
It is only toward the end of the backward design process that decisions about course content finally appear, guided by reflection on what students will need in order to perform well on the assignments. In backward design, educators start by identifying or creating a final assessment, then building their lessons toward that specific end. Traditionally, educators identify course content they need to cover, design their lessons accordingly, then create the final assessment. While the traditional approach may work in some cases, there are some significant flaws and challenges.
While these challenges and criticisms provide a more nuanced view of Backward Design, they don’t necessarily invalidate its effectiveness. Many educators find ways to adapt the approach to suit different learning environments and needs. Because understanding how Backward Design works can make anyone a better learner and even a better teacher, whether you're helping your kid with homework or leading a team at work. Plus, it's a learning tool that schools and companies are using more and more, so it's good to know what it's all about. The concept of Backward Design was invented by two education experts named Grant Wiggins and Jay McTighe in the late 1990s.
Backwards design along with the use of technology within the classroom should be considered as a method for designing and analysing meaningful learning tasks that can help make this happen. A defining feature of Backward Design is its alignment between learning objectives, assessments and feedback, and learning activities and instructional materials. Wiggins and McTighe identify a link between the assessment format and the type of understanding students need to demonstrate. For example, if the goal is for students to learn basic facts and skills, traditional quizzes and tests might be the most appropriate type of assessment to use.
From there, the instructor plans lectures, activities, and assignments to help students engage with that content. If those lectures, activities, and assignments are effective, students will learn something about the content. Depending on the quantity and quality of learning that results, the instructor might decide to try other teaching strategies the next time they teach the course. When designing lessons, ensure your instructional strategies and course design both emphasize the knowledge and skills your students need to achieve the learning goals you set/identified earlier. At the same time, the other disadvantage of traditional lesson planning is that the process ignores the learner’s needs and role throughout the curriculum design process.
This approach helps define the results that your learners can expect from each section and or chapter and helps you. By focusing on the results, you will deliver a better learning experience by showing the path to the transformation promised to them. Furthermore, when a teacher designs a lesson without a plan for the final assessment, they may be tempted to add activities or units to the lesson just for the sake of filling class time. Students of all ages know when they are asked to do something pointless in class; they can spot “busy work” from a mile away, and will disengage as they see fit. This is what we start with when we plan traditional lesson plans, but with backwards design, this is the lesson launch is the last part you do. When you start to plan the Lesson Launch, the goal is to make it inquiry-based and student-led.
Backward design lesson planning is a valuable approach to curriculum development that clearly focuses on learning outcomes, aligns assessments with desired results, and engages students in meaningful learning experiences. By starting with the end goal in mind, teachers can ensure that their curriculum is purposeful and effective in helping students achieve their learning goals. One of the key benefits of backward design is that it promotes a more focused and intentional approach to curriculum development. By starting with the desired learning outcomes and working backward to design instruction, teachers can ensure that all instructional activities and assessments are aligned with the goals of the curriculum. This helps to avoid the common problem of "coverage" - where teachers try to cover too much material without ensuring that students have truly mastered key concepts and skills.
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